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  string(147) "Association of Health Related Quality of Life variations with biological biomarkers for patients with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer"
  ["project_narrative_summary"]=>
  string(660) "There is a paucity of data exploring association of Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) variations with other biological parameters that can reflect the drug toxicity or cancer bulk. Our project will use the data available from the 2 registration phase 3 trials: COUAA301 and COUAA302. These 2 trials are complementary because they have a close trial design comparing abiraterone/prednisone vs placebo/prednisone but in 2 different settings in pre or post chemotherapy. It will explore the HRQOL variations with biological biomarkers for patients with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer treated by abiraterone/prednisone combination or prednisone"
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      string(6) "Amelie"
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      string(5) "Anota"
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      string(3) "PhD"
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      string(18) "UMQVC CHU Besancon"
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      string(6) "Morgan"
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      string(6) "Goujon"
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      string(3) "MSC"
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      string(29) "Medical Oncology CHU Besancon"
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      string(7) "Charton"
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      string(18) "UMQVC CHU Besancon"
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    ["value"]=>
    string(68) "No external grants or funds are being used to support this research."
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    string(68) "No external grants or funds are being used to support this research."
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      ["post_title"]=>
      string(233) "NCT00638690 - A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Abiraterone Acetate (CB7630) Plus Prednisone in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Who Have Failed Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy"
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      ["post_title"]=>
      string(223) "NCT00887198 - A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Abiraterone Acetate (CB7630) Plus Prednisone in Asymptomatic or Mildly Symptomatic Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer"
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  ["project_date_type"]=>
  string(91) "Individual Participant-Level Data, which includes Full CSR and all supporting documentation"
  ["property_scientific_abstract"]=>
  string(1654) "Background

A potential link between PROs (patients? reported outcomes) and oncologic outcomes (progression-free survival) has been underlined in post hoc analyses of the pivotal studies for abiraterone and enzalutamide. It has been shown that patients treated with chemotherapy who experience a quality of life (QOL) improvement are also well responding with other criteria: PSA (prostate specific antigen), imaging. This type of association between biomarkers and PROs has not been explored extensively with other biological parameters that can reflect the drug toxicity or cancer bulk.

Objective

Having data showing an association between the evolution of both QOL and biological biomarkers has not yet been shown with abiraterone or other drugs

Study Design

QUA-lify study will use data from the 2 trials: COUAA301 and COUAA302.

PROs and Biological markers of interest have been collected at the baseline and throughout both trials

Participants

All patients with mCRPC treated within COUAA301 and COUAA302 with data available through YODA project will be included.

Main Outcome Measure

The primary objective is to estimate the association between improvement or deterioration in QOL and the variations of 2 strong biomarkers linked to cancer.

Statistics

Association between baseline PRO and biomarkers will be explored using correlation analysis. Patients will be classified according to their best PRO response (improvement, stability or deterioration) according to QOL?s thresholds. These QOL responses will be compared with biomarkers values according to biomarkers' evolution"
  ["project_brief_bg"]=>
  string(3213) "Patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) may suffer various types of symptoms, including, but not limited to, bone pain and fatigue, which can impede a patient?s functional, social and emotional well-being. The patient is the primary recipient of anti-cancer treatments and there is a need to recognize and value the patient's perception in response to treatment. Assessing patient-reported outcomes , including health-related quality of life (HRQoL), using self-reported questionnaires has become an important part of clinical trials and is becoming a standard part of clinical practice. HRQoL measures enable the assessment of a patient?s physical, psychological and social well-being. It can reflect cancer or treatments consequences on the patient as well as other comorbidities.

Evaluation of the response for patients with PCa is more tricky than in other tumor types due to fact that a majority of patients may have RECIST non measurable disease : lots of patients can have only bone metastases, for which classical imaging can be inconclusive. That explains why consensus was decided to have agreements on certain type of criteria clarifying the concept of progression as defined with PCWG3 (Prostate Cancer Working Group 3) recommendations. 

PCa has also the particularity of having a biological marker used in the follow up of patients: PSA (prostate specific antigen). In some cases, It can be used as a trigger to initiate or change systemic therapies such as in M0CRPC (castrate resistant prostate cancer without metastasis) setting. There are published data showing that other biological parameters might be useful as prognostic biomarkers: e.g. CTCs (ciculating tumor cells), Alkaline Phosphatases.

Biological marker used in follow-up for patients with PCa may be categorized :

--biomarker more linked to cancer and its consequences: CTCs, PSA, Alkaline Phosphatases, LDH

--biomarker that can be linked to the cancer or treatment safety or other comorbidities: kalemia, glycemia, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, haemoglobin, platelet count, neutrophil count, white blood cell.

This categorization is also influenced by the stage and extent of the disease and by the type anti-cancer treatment.

A potential link between PRO and oncologic outcomes has been underlined in post hoc analyses of the pivotal studies for abiraterone and enzalutamide. PRO improvements (eg, pain, functional well-being, and physical well-being) with abiraterone or enzalutamide were significantly associated with classical endpoints such as longer overall survival and radiographic progression-free survival.

It has been shown that the patients treated with chemotherapy (docetaxel/cabazitaxel) who experience a HRQoL improvement are the ones who are well responding with other criteria : PSA, RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours). It has not been shown extensively with other biological parameters that can reflect the drug toxicity or cancer bulk.

Having top line data showing an association between the evolution of both HRQoL and biological biomarkers has not yet been shown with abiraterone or other drugs."
  ["project_specific_aims"]=>
  string(1241) "The pdf synopsis attached with this submission contain more advanced and detailed sections explaining this study.

QUA-lify study will use the data available from the 2 registration phase 3 trials: COUAA301 and COUAA302. These 2 trials are complimentary because they have a close trial design comparing abiraterone/prednisone vs placebo/prednisone but in 2 different settings in pre or post chemotherapy. This is very interesting from a research perspective due to the different types of patients that were enrolled within these trials: as an example mean baseline health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessed with FACT-P total score is lower in COUAA301 vs COUAA302 with 108 and 122 respectively. FACT-P stands for the questionnaire ?Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Prostate Cancer".

HRQoL questionnaires and  Biological markers of interest (e.g. CTCs, PSA, Alkaline Phosphatases, Hemoglobin, LDH...) have been collected at the baseline and throughout both trials.

The primary objective is to estimate the association between improvement or deterioration in HRQOL and the variations of 2 strong biomarkers (CTCs, PSA) linked to cancer.

Other analyses that will be conducted are described in next sections"
  ["project_study_design"]=>
  string(0) ""
  ["project_study_design_exp"]=>
  string(0) ""
  ["project_purposes"]=>
  array(3) {
    [0]=>
    array(2) {
      ["value"]=>
      string(114) "New research question to examine treatment effectiveness on secondary endpoints and/or within subgroup populations"
      ["label"]=>
      string(114) "New research question to examine treatment effectiveness on secondary endpoints and/or within subgroup populations"
    }
    [1]=>
    array(2) {
      ["value"]=>
      string(49) "New research question to examine treatment safety"
      ["label"]=>
      string(49) "New research question to examine treatment safety"
    }
    [2]=>
    array(2) {
      ["value"]=>
      string(50) "Research on clinical prediction or risk prediction"
      ["label"]=>
      string(50) "Research on clinical prediction or risk prediction"
    }
  }
  ["project_purposes_exp"]=>
  string(0) ""
  ["project_software_used"]=>
  array(2) {
    ["value"]=>
    string(7) "RStudio"
    ["label"]=>
    string(7) "RStudio"
  }
  ["project_software_used_exp"]=>
  string(0) ""
  ["project_research_methods"]=>
  string(236) "All cases of patients with mCRPC treated within COUAA301 and COUAA302 with data available through YODA project will be included.

It is expected to get data from a total of 2283 patients with 1195 for COUAA301 and 1088 for COUAA302"
  ["project_main_outcome_measure"]=>
  string(366) "- Definition of primary endpoint.

health-related quality of life (HRQoL) will be assessed with FACT-P total score. The 2 strong biomarkers linked to cancer will be CTCs and PSA. We will explore potential association between:

-HRQoL improvement and best responses seen on CTCs and/or PSA

-HRQoL deterioration and progressions seen on CTCs and/or PSA"
  ["project_main_predictor_indep"]=>
  string(1093) "--To qualify deterioration/improvement of HRQoL, the minimal clinically important difference is fixed to  10 points for the FACT-P total score

--For CTC reporting: baseline CTC count, will be reported as favorable or unfavorable (< 5 versus > or = 5 CTC/7.5 mL of blood, respectively. If unfavourable at the baseline, CTC will be assessed for changes after treatment : CTC conversion is defined as the change from unfavorable (five or more cells per 7.5 mL of blood) to favorable (four or fewer cells per 7.5 mL) and separately, the percent change from baseline.

--For PSA reporting: PSA response rate will be defined as the proportion of patients achieving a PSA decline > or = 50%. Definition of PSA progression : (1) after decline from baseline: record time from start of therapy to first PSA increase that is > or = 25% and > or = 2 ng/mL above the nadir, and which is confirmed by a second value > or = 3 weeks later (ie, a confirmed rising trend); (2) if no decline from baseline: PSA progression > or = 25% increase and > or = 2 ng/mL increase from baseline beyond 12 weeks."
  ["project_other_variables_interest"]=>
  string(1230) "Secondary objectives are to estimate

-association between improvement or deterioration in HRQOL (FACT-P subscales) and the variations of 2 strong biomarkers (CTCs, PSA) linked to cancer.

-association between improvement or deterioration in HRQOL (FACT-P TS and subscales) and the variations of less specific cancer linked biomarkers (LDH, Alkaline Phosphatases)

-association between improvement or deterioration in HRQOL (FACT-P TS and subscales) and the variations of biomarkers that can be linked to the cancer or treatment safety or other comorbidities (Hemoglobin, Albumin, Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, kalemia, glycemia, creatinine, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio)

-association between baseline value of strong biomarkers (CTCs, PSA) linked to cancer and baseline HRQL (FACT-P TS and subscales)

-association between early variation (at 3 months) of strong biomarkers (CTCs, PSA) linked to cancer and time to HRQL (FACT-P TS and subscales) deterioration

-association between baseline value of less specific cancer linked biomarkers (LDH, Alkaline Phosphatases) and baseline HRQL (FACT-P TS and subscales)

remaining secondaries defined in the synopsis attached"
  ["project_stat_analysis_plan"]=>
  string(3745) "- All analysis will be performed under RStudio software. Population of analysis will be patients who have one evaluable baseline HRQOL questionnaire and at least one evaluable post-treatment initiation HRQOL questionnaire.

- All tests will be two-sided and performed at the statistical significant level of 5%.

Quantitative variables will be described using mean and standard deviation or median with interquartile and range.

Qualitative variable will be described using numbers and percentages. Missing data will not be included in the percentages.

- Scores of HRQoL questionnaires will be computed according to the recommendations and described at baseline and each follow-up with the FACT-P total score, each subscale scores (physical, emotional, functional, social/family well-being), FACT-G total score, TOI (composite of the scores of physical well-being + functional well-being + prostate cancer subscale) and the prostate cancer subscale. FACT-G stands for the questionnaire ?Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy ? General?.

In order to qualify the deterioration/improvement of HRQoL over time, the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) will be fixed to 4 points for each well-being subscale, 10 points for the FACT-P total score, 9 points for the FACT-G scale, 3 points for the prostate cancer subscale and 9 points for the trial outcome index [Cella Value in Health 2009; Cella Annals Oncol 2018] 

- Association between baseline value of HRQoL and biomarkers will be explored using correlation analysis.

Patients will be classified according to their best HRQoL response (improvement, stability or deterioration) according to HRQoL?s thresholds detailed previously. These HRQoL responses will be compared with biomarkers values according to biomarkers? thresholds detailed in later paragraphs.

The time to definitive HRQoL deterioration is will be defined as the time interval from the date of randomization to the date of the first clinically meaningful deterioration as compared to the baseline score, with no further clinically meaningful improvement as compared to the baseline score (Anota QoL research 2015). In the absence of confirmation of deterioration, survival time will be censored at the time of the last available HRQoL questionnaire.

The time to sustained HRQoL improvement will be also explored and defined according to recommendations (Cottone QoL research 2017).

Time to deterioration/improvement will be estimated according to Kaplan-Meier estimation method and described using median with 95% confidence interval.

Association between change in HRQoL and change in biomarkers will be assessed considering time to HRQoL deterioration/improvement as a time dependent variable in a Cox regression model for time to change in biomarkers (progression or best responses).

The association of baseline HRQoL scores with time to change in biomarkers will be also assessed.

Cox regression models will be explored. Univariate analysis will be done to explore association with time to change in biomarkers. Variables with a univariate p-value < 0.20 will be eligible for the multivariate model. Collinearity between eligible variables will be tested. Peduzzi rules of 1 variable per 10 events will be respected. Time to dependent variables could be also introduced in the model.

- Biomarkers variables and their evolution will be classified using mean and standard deviation or median with interquartile and range and recommended threshold according to literature or CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event). Some are detailed in prior section of this submission document, others are detailed within synopsis attached."
  ["project_timeline"]=>
  string(419) "The study is planned to start Q1 2020. It is estimated that it will take 2 months to check the data obtained and perform first batch of statistics to insure that data obtained are sufficient to perform the full analysis. The full statistical analysis will take 3 months after the first batch. The First draft of study report could be available for review around 6 to 8 months after the start of the study (Summer 2020)."
  ["project_dissemination_plan"]=>
  string(280) "-An abstract could be presented in ASCO GU 2020 congress.

-A manuscript will be concomitantly submitted to an international journal involved in Medical Oncology and/or Uro-Oncology: Annals of Oncology, European Urology, JAMA Oncology, JCO would be initial targeted journals."
  ["project_bibliography"]=>
  string(9303) "
—-References for all sections unless statistic section

1. Thompson JC, Wood J, Feuer D. Prostate cancer: Palliative care and pain relief. Br Med Bull 2007;83:341-54.

2. Osoba D. Health-related quality of life and cancer clinical trials. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2011;3(2):57-71

3. Scher HI ; Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3. Trial Design and Objectives for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Updated Recommendations From the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Apr 20;34(12):1402-18

4. Smith MR; SPARTAN Investigators. Apalutamide Treatment and Metastasis-free Survival in Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Apr 12;378(15):1408-1418

5. Hussain M. Enzalutamide in Men with Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jun  28;378(26):2465-2474

6. Armstrong AJ. Prediction  of survival following first-line chemotherapy in men with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2010 Jan 1;16(1):203-11

7. Halabi S. Updated prognostic model for predicting overall survival in first-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Mar 1;32(7):671-7

8. Sumanasuriya S. Consensus Statement on Circulating Biomarkers for Advanced Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol. 2018 Jun;1(2):151-159

9. Cella D. Relationship between patient-reported outcomes and clinical outcomes in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: post hoc analysis of COU-AA-301 and COU-AA-302. Ann Oncol 2018;29:392?7

10. Beer. The association between health-related quality-of-life scores and clinical outcomes in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients: Exploratory analyses of AFFIRM and PREVAIL studies. Eur J Cancer 2017;87:21?9

11. Thiery Vuillemin A. Post hoc responder analysis of health?related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with metastatic castration?resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) receiving cabazitaxel in the Phase III PROSELICA and FIRSTANA trials. Annals of Oncology (2018) 29 (suppl_8): viii271-viii302. 10.1093/annonc/mdy284

12. Cella D, Nichol MB, Eton D, Nelson JB, Mulani P. Estimating clinically meaningful changes for the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Prostate: results from a clinical trial of patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Value Health. 2009 Jan-Feb;12(1):124-9

—-References for statistic section

Anota A, Hamidou Z, Paget-Bailly S, Chibaudel B, Bascoul-Mollevi C, Auquier P, Westeel V, Fiteni F, Borg C, Bonnetain FTime to health-related quality of life score deterioration as a modality of longitudinal analysis for health-related quality of life studies in oncology: do we need RECIST for quality of life to achieve standardization? Qual Life Res. 2015 Jan;24(1):5-18. doi: 10.1007/s11136-013-0583-6. Epub 2013 Nov 26

Cella D, Nichol MB, Eton D, Nelson JB, Mulani P. Estimating clinically meaningful changes for the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Prostate: results from a clinical trial of patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Value Health. 2009 Jan-Feb;12(1):124-9

Cella D. Relationship between patient-reported outcomes and clinical outcomes in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: post hoc analysis of COU-AA-301 and COU-AA-302. Ann Oncol 2018;29:392?7

Coens C, Pe M, Dueck AC, Sloan J, Basch E, Calvert M, Campbell A, Cleeland C,  Cocks K, Collette L, Devlin N, Dorme L, Flechtner HH, Gotay C, Griebsch I, Groenvold M, King M, Kluetz PG, Koller M, Malone DC, Martinelli F, Mitchell SA, Musoro JZ, O’Connor D, Oliver K, Piault-Louis E, Piccart M, Quinten C, Reijneveld JC, Schrmann C, Smith AW, Soltys KM, Taphoorn MJB, Velikova G, Bottomley A; Setting International Standards in Analyzing Patient-Reported Outcomes and Quality of Life Endpoints Data Consortium. International standards for the analysis of quality-of-life and patient-reported outcome endpoints in cancer randomised controlled trials: recommendations of the SISAQOL Consortium. Lancet Oncol. 2020 Feb;21(2):e83-e96

Scher HI, Morris MJ, Stadler WM, Higano C, Basch E, Fizazi K, Antonarakis ES,  Beer TM, Carducci MA, Chi KN, Corn PG, de Bono JS, Dreicer R, George DJ, Heath EI, Hussain M, Kelly WK, Liu G, Logothetis C, Nanus D, Stein MN, Rathkopf DE, Slovin SF, Ryan CJ, Sartor O, Small EJ, Smith MR, Sternberg CN, Taplin ME, Wilding G, Nelson PS, Schwartz LH, Halabi S, Kantoff PW, Armstrong AJ; Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3. Trial Design and Objectives for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Updated Recommendations From the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Apr 20;34(12):1402-18

—-5 Key References of the Team on that Topic from clinical perspective

1. Thiery-Vuillemin A, Hvid Poulsen M, Lagneau E, Ploussard G, Birtle A, Dourthe  LM, Beal-Ardisson D, Pintus E, Trepiakas R, Lefresne F, Lukac M, Van Sanden S, Pissart G, Reid A; AQUARiUS Investigators. Impact of Abiraterone Acetate plus Prednisone or Enzalutamide on Patient-reported Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Final 12-mo Analysis from the Observational AQUARiUS Study. Eur Urol. 2019 Oct 5. pii: S0302-2838(19)30739-0. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.09.019

2. A. Thiery Vuillemin, K. Fizazi, O. Sartor, S. Oudard, D. Bury, S. Guillonneau, A. Ozatilgan, M. Eisenberger, J.S. de Bono. Post hoc responder analysis of health?related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with metastatic castration?resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) receiving cabazitaxel in the Phase III PROSELICA and FIRSTANA trials. Annals of Oncology (2018) 29 (suppl_8): viii271-viii302. 10.1093/annonc/mdy284

3. Mouillet G, Fritzsch J, Paget-Bailly S, Pozet A, Es-Saad I, Meurisse A, Vernerey D, Mouyabi K, Berthod D, Bonnetain F, Anota A, Thiery-Vuillemin A. Health-related quality of life assessment for patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor using electronic patient-reported outcomes in daily clinical practice (QUANARIE trial): study protocol. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2019 Feb 4;17(1):25.

4. Oudard S, Fizazi K, Sengelv L, Daugaard G, Saad F, Hansen S, Hjlm-Eriksson M, Jassem J, Thiery-Vuillemin A, Caffo O, Castellano D, Mainwaring PN, Bernard J, Shen L, Chadjaa M, Sartor O. Cabazitaxel Versus Docetaxel As First-Line Therapy for Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Phase III Trial-FIRSTANA. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Oct 1;35(28):3189-3197.

5. Smith M, De Bono J, Sternberg C, Le Moulec S, Oudard S, De Giorgi U, Krainer M, Bergman A, Hoelzer W, De Wit R, Bgemann M, Saad F, Cruciani G, Thiery-Vuillemin A, Feyerabend S, Miller K, Houd N, Hussain S, Lam E, Polikoff  J, Stenzl A, Mainwaring P, Ramies D, Hessel C, Weitzman A, Fizazi K. Phase III Study of Cabozantinib in Previously Treated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: COMET-1. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Sep 1;34(25):3005-13.

—-Statistical skills of the team : 5 key references

1. Charton E, Cuer B, Cottone F, Efficace F, Touraine C, Hamidou Z, Fiteni F, Bonnetain F, Woronoff-Lemsi MC, Bascoul-Mollevi C, Anota A. Time to deterioration in cancer randomized clinical trials for patient-reported outcomes data: a systematic review. Qual Life Res. 2019 Nov 27. doi: 10.1007/s11136-019-02367-7

2. Charton E, Bachet JB, Hammel P, Desram J, Chibaudel B, Cohen R, Debourdeau P, Dauba J, Lecomte T, Seitz JF, Tournigand C, Aparicio T, Guerin-Meyer V, Taieb J, Volet J, Louvet C, Anota A, Bonnetain F. Impact on health-related quality of life deterioration-free survival of a first-line therapy combining nab-paclitaxel plus either gemcitabine or simplified leucovorin and fluorouracil for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer: Results of the randomized phase II AFUGEM GERCOR clinical trial. Cancer Med. 2019 Sep;8(11):5079-5088. doi: 10.1002/cam4.2311. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

3. Eberst G, Anota A, Scherpereel A, Mazieres J, Margery J, Greillier L, Audigier-Valette C, Moro-Sibilot D, Molinier O, Lna H, Rivire F, Monnet I, Gounant V, Janicot H, Gervais R, Locher C, Charton E, Morin F, Zalcman G, Westeel V; French Cooperative Thoracic Intergroup (IFCT). Health-Related Quality of Life Impact from Adding Bevacizumab to Cisplatin-Pemetrexed in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in the MAPS IFCT-GFPC-0701 Phase III Trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Oct 1;25(19):5759-5765. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-2860. Epub 2019 Jun 7.

4. Bonnetain F, Fiteni F, Efficace F, Anota A. Statistical Challenges in the Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life in Cancer Clinical Trials. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Jun 1;34(16):1953-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.7974.

5. Anota A, Hamidou Z, Paget-Bailly S, Chibaudel B, Bascoul-Mollevi C, Auquier P, Westeel V, Fiteni F, Borg C, Bonnetain F. Time to health-related quality of life score deterioration as a modality of longitudinal analysis for health-related quality of life studies in oncology: do we need RECIST for quality of life to achieve standardization? Qual Life Res. 2015 Jan;24(1):5-18. doi: 10.1007/s11136-013-0583-6. Epub 2013 Nov 26
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