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  string(642) "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consist of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic inflammatory disease involved gastrointestinal tract. In IBD patients, achieving clinical or biomarker remission is associated with good prognosis and set as a short-term treatment target. However, some question still puzzles clinicians: When is the best time to assess this treatment target? Dose the time to achieve clinical or biomarker remission relate with long-term outcomes? To answer this question, we will perform a post hoc analysis and investigate the prognostic values of achieving clinical or biomarker remission in different time."
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  string(255) "National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant/award number: 82070538 and 81870374.The Guangzhou Science and Technology Department, grant/award number: 202002030041 and the Guangdong Science and Technology Department, grant/award number: 2021A1515220"
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  ["property_scientific_abstract"]=>
  string(1577) "Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a chronic inflammatory disease involved gastrointestinal tract. In IBD patients, achieving clinical and biomarker remission is associated with good prognosis and set as a short-term treatment target in the latest consensus. 

Objective: This study aims at investigating the relationship between time to achieve clinical or biomarker remission and long-term outcome in IBD patients.

Study Design: This is a post hoc analysis including three clinical trials (UNITI, UNIFI and PURSUIT). Clinical remission was assessed by CDAI for CD or partial mayo score for UC. C-reactive protein and faecal calprotectin were used to assess biomarker remission. This study will analyse the predictive ability of clinical or biomarker remission at different time for long term outcome. 

Participants: Patients who completed an induction study and participate in the maintenance study will be included.

Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcome is endoscopic remission at week 52. Secondary outcomes include endoscopic improvement, histological remission and clinical remission at week 52. 

Statistical Analysis: Multivariate logistic regression will be used to assess the relationship between clinical or biomarker remission at different time and the likelihood of achieving endoscopic remission, endoscopic improvement or histological remission at week 52, after adjusting for confounders. Subgroup analyses by disease type (CD or UC), treatment allocation, disease activity at baseline and disease phenotype"
  ["project_brief_bg"]=>
  string(1776) "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn?s disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic and disable inflammatory disease involved gastrointestinal tract. (1)  IBD patients have a remitting-relapsing disease course and will obtain a poor prognosis if they failure to achieve specific treatment targets, like mucosal healing, clinical remission and biomarker remission. (2) (3)  Studies showed that achieving clinical or biomarker remission at week 6-22 after treatment is associated with good prognosis (4-8) . Furthermore, clinical and biomarker remission are recommended to be set as short-term treatment target in the latest consensus. (2) However, whether the time to achieving clinical or biomarker remission impact the long-term outcome is still unknow.

Therefore, it is still lacking evidence to determine the best time to assess clinical or biomarker remission for predicting long-term prognosis. To solve this problem, we will preform a post hoc analysis based on the data from UNITI trail(UNITI-1, UNITI-2 and IM-UNITI), UNIFI trail and PURSUIT (PURSUIT-SC, PURSUIT-IV and PURSUIT-M) trail. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between time to achieve clinical or biomarker remission and long-term outcome, such as endoscopic remission, histological remission and clinical remission, in IBD patients. Multivariate logistic regression will be used to assess the relationship between clinical or biomarker remission at different time and the likelihood of achieving endoscopic remission, endoscopic improvement or histological remission at week 52, after adjusting for confounders. Subgroup analyses by disease type (CD or UC), treatment allocation, disease activity at baseline and disease phenotype will be performed."
  ["project_specific_aims"]=>
  string(493) "This study aims at investigating the relationship between time to achieve clinical or biomarker remission and long-term outcome, such as endoscopic remission, histological remission and clinical remission, in IBD patients. Moreover, we will also evaluate the prognostic value of time to achieve clinical or biomarker response for long-term outcome in IBD. The scientific hypothesis of this study is that achieving clinical or biomarker remission more early predicts a better long-term outcome."
  ["project_study_design"]=>
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  ["project_research_methods"]=>
  string(233) "The source of the data will be from UNITI (UNITI-1, UNITI-2 and IM-UNITI), UNIFI and PURSUIT (PURSUIT-SC, PURSUIT-IV and PURSUIT-M). Patients who completed an induction study and participate in the maintenance study will be included."
  ["project_main_outcome_measure"]=>
  string(247) "The primary outcome is endoscopic remission at week 52. Endoscopic remission is a dichotomized variable and defined as Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn?s disease (SES-CD) ?2 for CD or mayo endoscopic score  1 on any of the four parameters for UC."
  ["project_main_predictor_indep"]=>
  string(357) "The main predictors of this study include clinical remission and biomarker remission at different time, including week 2, 4, 6 ,8 ,12,14. Clinical remission is defined as CDAI less than 150 for CD or partial mayo score ?2 and no subscore > 1 on any of the four parameters for UC. Biomarker remission is assessed by CRP or faecal calprotectin (if available)."
  ["project_other_variables_interest"]=>
  string(540) "Other variables of interest include clinical response, biomarker response, improvement of clinical manifestation (evaluated by subscore of CDAI for CD or mayo score for UC), improvement of endoscopic activity or histological activity, disease activity at baseline, age, gender, treatment allocation, concomitant therapy, disease duration, disease location, disease behaviour, prior biologic exposure. Continuous variables and categorized variables will be described as median (interquartile range) and proportion (percentage), respectively."
  ["project_stat_analysis_plan"]=>
  string(955) "Continuous and categorical variables are described as median (interquartile range, IQR) and proportion (percentage), respectively. The Mann-Whitney test and ?2 test were performed to evaluate the difference for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistical significance. Univariate logistic analysis will be conducted to analyse the association of candidate predictors and outcomes. Multivariate logistic analysis will be performed on predictors with statistical significance in univariate analysis and potential confounders (like disease duration, treatment allocation). Furthermore, we will perform subgroup analyses by disease type (CD or UC), treatment allocation, disease activity at baseline disease phenotype. Missing value for major outcome will be excluded from statistical analysis. Missing values for other variables will be imputed by simple imputation, using the mice package in R."
  ["project_timeline"]=>
  string(153) "Start date - October 2022

Analysis completion date - January 2023

Manuscript draft - March 2023

Submitted for publication - May 2023"
  ["project_dissemination_plan"]=>
  string(355) "The products of this project will be submitted to scientific conference, such as Digestive Disease Week, European Crohn?s and Colitis Organization and Asian Crohn?s and Colitis Organization. A manuscript will also be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. The acknowledgement for YODA Project will be presented in all products of this study."
  ["project_bibliography"]=>
  string(2118) "
(1) Chang JT. Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(27):2652-2664. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2002697

(2) Turner D, Ricciuto A, Lewis A, et al. STRIDE-II: An Update on the Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (STRIDE) Initiative of the International Organization for the Study of IBD (IOIBD): Determining Therapeutic Goals for Treat-to-Target strategies in IBD. Gastroenterology. 2021;160(5):1570-1583. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.031

(3) Colombel JF, D’haens G, Lee WJ, Petersson J, Panaccione R. Outcomes and Strategies to Support a Treat-to-target Approach in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(2):254-266. doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz131

(4) Stallmach A, Langbein C, Atreya R, et al. Vedolizumab provides clinical benefit over 1 year in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease – a prospective multicenter observational study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016;44(11-12):1199-1212. doi:10.1111/apt.13813

(5) Biemans VBC, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, van der Woude CJ, et al. Ustekinumab for Crohn’s Disease: Results of the ICC Registry, a Nationwide Prospective Observational Cohort Study. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(1):33-45. doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz119

(6) Roblin X, Marotte H, Leclerc M, et al. Combination of C-reactive protein, infliximab trough levels, and stable but not transient antibodies to infliximab are associated with loss of response to infliximab in inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2015;9(7):525-531. doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv061

(7) Narula N, Wong ECL, Dulai PS, Marshall JK, Colombel JF, Reinisch W. Week 6 Calprotectin Best Predicts Likelihood of Long-term Endoscopic Healing in Crohn’s Disease: A Post-hoc Analysis of the UNITI/IM-UNITI Trials. J Crohns Colitis. 2021;15(3):462-470. doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa189

(8) Melmed GY, McGovern D, Schreiber S, et al. Early remission status predicts long-term outcomes in patients with Crohn’s disease treated with certolizumab pegol. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(12):1937-1941.
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