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  string(478) "Crohn disease is a very aggressive inflammatory gastrointestinal disease which substantially decrease health-related quality of life in patients. Different strategies are involved to influence on disease course (surgery, drug treatment). Biologic drugs represent a revolution in this field of medicine decreasing disease symptoms. The aim of this study is to examine if biologicals could influence on health-related quality of life which represent a final goal for the patients."
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  ["project_date_type"]=>
  string(8) "Full CSR"
  ["property_scientific_abstract"]=>
  string(1302) "Background:   Recent studies often reported QoL outcomes in addition to clinical disease activity indices of biological treatment in patients with Crohn's disease. However, no systematic review has examined QoL outcomes in these specific patients populations treated with biologic agents.
Objective: To systematically assess the beneficial and harmful effects of the biologic treatment on HRQoL outcomes in people with
Crohn?s disease.
Study Design: Cochrane Systematic review with meta-analysis.
Participants: Adults (>18 years of age) with Crohn?s disease as defined by a combination of clinical, biochemical, radiological, endoscopic and histological criteria and treated with biological drugs will be considered for the inclusion.
Main Outcome Measure: Change in HRQoL scores as defined by the included studies.
Statistical Analysis: For continuous outcomes, we will calculate the mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) if the same tool has been used to measure the same outcome across different studies. We will calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) when different tools have been used to measure the same underlying construct. For dichotomous outcomes, we will calculate the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% CI." ["project_brief_bg"]=> string(970) "HRQoL represents a functional effect of the disease and it is one of the main issues in people with CD. Modifying the disease course, the biological treatment may have a substantial effect on HRQoL and therefore would be beneficial to be introduced earlier in the treatment with regard to HRQoL outcomes (Bodger 2002). Studies increasingly include HRQoL as a secondary outcome and no systematic review has clearly established the evidence for an improvement
in HRQoL in this population. A previous literature review on the impact of biologics on HRQoL in IBD patients has been limited in the scope and time of the articles retrieved (IBD population, including both CD and ulcerative colitis) and methodological concept (articles only in English, only IBDQ and SF-36 as outcome measures) (Vogelaar 2009). This review endeavors to address an up-to-date critical view of growing evidence on the impact of biological interventions in improving HRQoL in people with CD." ["project_specific_aims"]=> string(278) "The aim of this project is to systematically assess the beneficial and harmful effects of the biologic treatment on HRQoL outcomes in people with
Crohn?s disease. The main hypotheses is that biological drugs could have a positive impact on health-related quality of life." ["project_study_design"]=> string(0) "" ["project_study_design_exp"]=> string(0) "" ["project_purposes"]=> array(4) { [0]=> array(2) { ["value"]=> string(114) "New research question to examine treatment effectiveness on secondary endpoints and/or within subgroup populations" ["label"]=> string(114) "New research question to examine treatment effectiveness on secondary endpoints and/or within subgroup populations" } [1]=> array(2) { ["value"]=> string(32) "Summary-level data meta-analysis" ["label"]=> string(32) "Summary-level data meta-analysis" } [2]=> array(2) { ["value"]=> string(69) "Meta-analysis using data from the YODA Project and other data sources" ["label"]=> string(69) "Meta-analysis using data from the YODA Project and other data sources" } [3]=> array(2) { ["value"]=> string(28) "Research on comparison group" ["label"]=> string(28) "Research on comparison group" } } ["project_purposes_exp"]=> string(0) "" ["project_software_used"]=> string(0) "" ["project_software_used_exp"]=> string(0) "" ["project_research_methods"]=> string(1143) "The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE (via PubMed; 1946 to present); Embase (via Ovid; 1974 to present); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library current issue); the Cochrane IBD Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Functional Bowel Disorders Specialized Trial Register (IBD/FBD Group Specialized Register), Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) ( Institute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge), Digestive Disease Week (DDW) abstracts of RCTs (1981 to present. Inclusion criteria are: RCTs assessing the impact of biological interventions on HRQoL in people with Crohn's disease irrespective of publication status, language, or blinding procedure will be included. Studies assessing all recognized biological interventions for the treatment of Crohn's disease will be considered for evaluation (e.g. infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, natalizumab, ustekinumab, briakinumab, vedolizumab, and recombinant human interleukin 10). The comparison will be a placebo or an active comparator. Exclusion criteria: no diagnosis of Cronh, no treatment with biologicals and no HRQL results." ["project_main_outcome_measure"]=> string(1006) "Also, there are instances in the proposal where examination of adverse events (harm) is discussed - but these outcomes are not defined.
MSB: Yes, all MAN outcome(s) are defined. Harm includes secondary outcomes (type and frequency) and will include:
1a. All adverse events; 1b. Serious adverse events; and 1c. Withdrawal due to adverse events.
Other secondary outcomes include 2. Improvement in workplace productivity. 3. Improvement in fatigue.
From requested studies within Yoda, we will extract data on HRQL results (mainly IBDQ results) as a baseline and final means +/- S.D. OR medians + interquartile range for all groups of patients investigated. So, we urgently need data for the whole groups, not patient-level individual data. For example, if there are two groups of patients, one treated with adalimumab and another with placebo, we need these data: baseline and final IBDQ scores for the placebo group and baseline and final IBDQ scores for the adalimumab-treated group." ["project_main_predictor_indep"]=> string(128) "Therapeutic option (biological drug, placebo) will be an independent variable which will define groups of patients for analysis." ["project_other_variables_interest"]=> string(975) "Finally, the investigators explain that no other variables of interest will be used or examined. But that seems unlikely. Will subgroup analyses by patient age, sex, disease severity, etc. not be pursued?
MSB: subgroup analysis including biologic-naive patients versus patients who had already been receiving biologic treatment;
anti-TNF versus non-anti-TNF agents; and different doses of the biological drugs will be involved, if enough data will be presented for analysis. All you mentioned (age, sex, etc...) are presented in the papers already published for the requested studies and are not data of our interest at all. For the above stated potential subgroup analysis, we will perform it if there will be enough data, but it is not of the main interest for us.
There is no other variable of interest, except the above stated - main outcome (Change in HRQoL scores as defined by the included studies: means +/- S.D. OR medians + Interquartile range.)" ["project_stat_analysis_plan"]=> string(3237) "The outcome variable is clear (changes in HRQoL), but the statistical analysis plan offers explanation for analyses dependent upon whether the outcome is continuous or categorical - isn't the outcome a continuous variable?
MSB: Although the main outcome IS a continuous variable, statistical analysis plan include a description of all theoretical situation or, in other words, in statistical analysis plan we mentioned also a categorical variable as some of the secondary outcomes (adverse drug reactions/harm) could be presented as 0_there is no event or 1_there was an event.
Measures of treatment effect
For continuous outcomes, we will calculate the mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval
(95% CI) if the same tool has been used to measure the same outcome across different studies. We will calculate the
standardized mean difference (SMD) when different tools have been used to measure the same underlying construct.
For dichotomous outcomes, we will calculate the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% CI. Where studies report
adverse events as dichotomous data, we will report on the proportion of participants experiencing the event in each
study arm. We will report descriptive results for adverse event data that cannot be extracted as dichotomous
outcomes as described above (Higgins 2011).
Unit of analysis issues
If there are multiple observations for the same outcome, we will make an effort to combine outcomes for fixed follow-up
intervals. We plan to evaluate outcomes at maximum follow-up as defined by individual studies. For cross-over trials, we will
use data from the first phase of the trial (i.e. before any cross-over). HRQoL outcomes and safety among different doses of
biological drugs will be compared using subgroup analyses where possible. Studies with control groups using different types
of interventions (e.g. placebo or active treatment), studies with cluster randomised treatment groups and studies with multiple
treatment groups e.g. dose groups) will be analysed separately and will not be combined in a single meta-analysis.
Dealing with missing data
We will attempt to contact the authors of included studies to obtain missing data. In the case of missing data despite our
attempts to contact authors, the following strategies will be considered. For missing dichotomous outcomes, two scenarios
will be considered, the best-case scenario in which all patients with incomplete data will be assumed to be a treatment
success with regard to QoL and a worst-case scenario in which all patients with incomplete data will be assumed to be
treatment failures with regard to QoL. We will use sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of these assumptions on the effect
estimate. We will use an available case analysis for missing continuous outcomes and assumptions about participants with
missing data will not be made. We will contact the authors of studies published in abstract form for relevant missing data and
these studies will only be included in the review if enough data are provided to assess outcomes and risk of bias." ["project_timeline"]=> string(126) "All analysis should be finished to the end of Januray 2019. To the end of february 2019 systematic review should be published." ["project_dissemination_plan"]=> string(136) "the Cochrane review will be available through the Cochrane platform online and published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews." ["project_bibliography"]=> string(369) "

Stanic Benic M, Giljaca V, Vlahovic?Palcevski V. The impact of biological interventions on health?related quality of life in adults with Crohn’s disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD012973. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012973. Available online at https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD012973/full

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2018-3743

General Information

How did you learn about the YODA Project?: Internet Search

Conflict of Interest

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Associated Trial(s):
  1. NCT00207662 - ACCENT I - A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial of Anti-TNFa Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody (Infliximab, Remicade) in the Long-term Treatment of Patients With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease
  2. NCT00207766 - ACCENT II - A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial of Anti-TNF Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody (Infliximab, Remicade) in the Long Term Treatment of Patients With Fistulizing CROHN'S Disease
  3. NCT00771667 - A Phase 2b, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ustekinumab Therapy in Subjects With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease Previously Treated With TNF Antagonist Therapy
  4. NCT01369329 - A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ustekinumab Induction Therapy in Subjects With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease Who Have Failed or Are Intolerant to TNF Antagonist Therapy (UNITI-1)
  5. NCT01369342 - A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ustekinumab Induction Therapy in Subjects With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease (UNITI-2)
  6. NCT01369355 - A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ustekinumab Maintenance Therapy in Subjects With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease
What type of data are you looking for?:

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Data Request Status

Status: Ongoing

Research Proposal

Project Title: The impact of biological interventions on health?related quality of life in adults with Crohn's disease

Scientific Abstract: Background: Recent studies often reported QoL outcomes in addition to clinical disease activity indices of biological treatment in patients with Crohn's disease. However, no systematic review has examined QoL outcomes in these specific patients populations treated with biologic agents.
Objective: To systematically assess the beneficial and harmful effects of the biologic treatment on HRQoL outcomes in people with
Crohn?s disease.
Study Design: Cochrane Systematic review with meta-analysis.
Participants: Adults (>18 years of age) with Crohn?s disease as defined by a combination of clinical, biochemical, radiological, endoscopic and histological criteria and treated with biological drugs will be considered for the inclusion.
Main Outcome Measure: Change in HRQoL scores as defined by the included studies.
Statistical Analysis: For continuous outcomes, we will calculate the mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) if the same tool has been used to measure the same outcome across different studies. We will calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) when different tools have been used to measure the same underlying construct. For dichotomous outcomes, we will calculate the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% CI.

Brief Project Background and Statement of Project Significance: HRQoL represents a functional effect of the disease and it is one of the main issues in people with CD. Modifying the disease course, the biological treatment may have a substantial effect on HRQoL and therefore would be beneficial to be introduced earlier in the treatment with regard to HRQoL outcomes (Bodger 2002). Studies increasingly include HRQoL as a secondary outcome and no systematic review has clearly established the evidence for an improvement
in HRQoL in this population. A previous literature review on the impact of biologics on HRQoL in IBD patients has been limited in the scope and time of the articles retrieved (IBD population, including both CD and ulcerative colitis) and methodological concept (articles only in English, only IBDQ and SF-36 as outcome measures) (Vogelaar 2009). This review endeavors to address an up-to-date critical view of growing evidence on the impact of biological interventions in improving HRQoL in people with CD.

Specific Aims of the Project: The aim of this project is to systematically assess the beneficial and harmful effects of the biologic treatment on HRQoL outcomes in people with
Crohn?s disease. The main hypotheses is that biological drugs could have a positive impact on health-related quality of life.

Study Design:

What is the purpose of the analysis being proposed? Please select all that apply.: New research question to examine treatment effectiveness on secondary endpoints and/or within subgroup populations Summary-level data meta-analysis Meta-analysis using data from the YODA Project and other data sources Research on comparison group

Software Used:

Data Source and Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria to be used to define the patient sample for your study: The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE (via PubMed; 1946 to present); Embase (via Ovid; 1974 to present); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library current issue); the Cochrane IBD Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Functional Bowel Disorders Specialized Trial Register (IBD/FBD Group Specialized Register), Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) ( Institute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge), Digestive Disease Week (DDW) abstracts of RCTs (1981 to present. Inclusion criteria are: RCTs assessing the impact of biological interventions on HRQoL in people with Crohn's disease irrespective of publication status, language, or blinding procedure will be included. Studies assessing all recognized biological interventions for the treatment of Crohn's disease will be considered for evaluation (e.g. infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, natalizumab, ustekinumab, briakinumab, vedolizumab, and recombinant human interleukin 10). The comparison will be a placebo or an active comparator. Exclusion criteria: no diagnosis of Cronh, no treatment with biologicals and no HRQL results.

Primary and Secondary Outcome Measure(s) and how they will be categorized/defined for your study: Also, there are instances in the proposal where examination of adverse events (harm) is discussed - but these outcomes are not defined.
MSB: Yes, all MAN outcome(s) are defined. Harm includes secondary outcomes (type and frequency) and will include:
1a. All adverse events; 1b. Serious adverse events; and 1c. Withdrawal due to adverse events.
Other secondary outcomes include 2. Improvement in workplace productivity. 3. Improvement in fatigue.
From requested studies within Yoda, we will extract data on HRQL results (mainly IBDQ results) as a baseline and final means +/- S.D. OR medians + interquartile range for all groups of patients investigated. So, we urgently need data for the whole groups, not patient-level individual data. For example, if there are two groups of patients, one treated with adalimumab and another with placebo, we need these data: baseline and final IBDQ scores for the placebo group and baseline and final IBDQ scores for the adalimumab-treated group.

Main Predictor/Independent Variable and how it will be categorized/defined for your study: Therapeutic option (biological drug, placebo) will be an independent variable which will define groups of patients for analysis.

Other Variables of Interest that will be used in your analysis and how they will be categorized/defined for your study: Finally, the investigators explain that no other variables of interest will be used or examined. But that seems unlikely. Will subgroup analyses by patient age, sex, disease severity, etc. not be pursued?
MSB: subgroup analysis including biologic-naive patients versus patients who had already been receiving biologic treatment;
anti-TNF versus non-anti-TNF agents; and different doses of the biological drugs will be involved, if enough data will be presented for analysis. All you mentioned (age, sex, etc...) are presented in the papers already published for the requested studies and are not data of our interest at all. For the above stated potential subgroup analysis, we will perform it if there will be enough data, but it is not of the main interest for us.
There is no other variable of interest, except the above stated - main outcome (Change in HRQoL scores as defined by the included studies: means +/- S.D. OR medians + Interquartile range.)

Statistical Analysis Plan: The outcome variable is clear (changes in HRQoL), but the statistical analysis plan offers explanation for analyses dependent upon whether the outcome is continuous or categorical - isn't the outcome a continuous variable?
MSB: Although the main outcome IS a continuous variable, statistical analysis plan include a description of all theoretical situation or, in other words, in statistical analysis plan we mentioned also a categorical variable as some of the secondary outcomes (adverse drug reactions/harm) could be presented as 0_there is no event or 1_there was an event.
Measures of treatment effect
For continuous outcomes, we will calculate the mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval
(95% CI) if the same tool has been used to measure the same outcome across different studies. We will calculate the
standardized mean difference (SMD) when different tools have been used to measure the same underlying construct.
For dichotomous outcomes, we will calculate the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% CI. Where studies report
adverse events as dichotomous data, we will report on the proportion of participants experiencing the event in each
study arm. We will report descriptive results for adverse event data that cannot be extracted as dichotomous
outcomes as described above (Higgins 2011).
Unit of analysis issues
If there are multiple observations for the same outcome, we will make an effort to combine outcomes for fixed follow-up
intervals. We plan to evaluate outcomes at maximum follow-up as defined by individual studies. For cross-over trials, we will
use data from the first phase of the trial (i.e. before any cross-over). HRQoL outcomes and safety among different doses of
biological drugs will be compared using subgroup analyses where possible. Studies with control groups using different types
of interventions (e.g. placebo or active treatment), studies with cluster randomised treatment groups and studies with multiple
treatment groups e.g. dose groups) will be analysed separately and will not be combined in a single meta-analysis.
Dealing with missing data
We will attempt to contact the authors of included studies to obtain missing data. In the case of missing data despite our
attempts to contact authors, the following strategies will be considered. For missing dichotomous outcomes, two scenarios
will be considered, the best-case scenario in which all patients with incomplete data will be assumed to be a treatment
success with regard to QoL and a worst-case scenario in which all patients with incomplete data will be assumed to be
treatment failures with regard to QoL. We will use sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of these assumptions on the effect
estimate. We will use an available case analysis for missing continuous outcomes and assumptions about participants with
missing data will not be made. We will contact the authors of studies published in abstract form for relevant missing data and
these studies will only be included in the review if enough data are provided to assess outcomes and risk of bias.

Narrative Summary: Crohn disease is a very aggressive inflammatory gastrointestinal disease which substantially decrease health-related quality of life in patients. Different strategies are involved to influence on disease course (surgery, drug treatment). Biologic drugs represent a revolution in this field of medicine decreasing disease symptoms. The aim of this study is to examine if biologicals could influence on health-related quality of life which represent a final goal for the patients.

Project Timeline: All analysis should be finished to the end of Januray 2019. To the end of february 2019 systematic review should be published.

Dissemination Plan: the Cochrane review will be available through the Cochrane platform online and published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Bibliography:

Stanic Benic M, Giljaca V, Vlahovic?Palcevski V. The impact of biological interventions on health?related quality of life in adults with Crohn’s disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD012973. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012973. Available online at https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD012973/full